EFFECT OF PRE-EMERGENCE HERBICIDES ON THE GROWTH AND YIELD OF SOYA BEAN [Glycine max (L.) Merrill] IN SUDAN SAVANNA
Abstract
Field trials were conducted during the 2017 rainy season at the Dryland Teaching and Research Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto (Latitude 13o 7’N and Longitude 50 10’E) and Dutsinma in Katsina State (Latitude 12o 27’N, longitude 70 29’E). The objective of the research was to evaluate the growth and yield of soya bean under three pre-emergence herbicides for weed control in Sudan Savanna. The experiment consisted of Pendimethalin at 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2 kg a.i. /ha, Butachlor at 1.5, 1.8, 2.0 kg a.i. /ha and S-Metolachlor at 0.6, 1.3 and 1.9 kg a.i./ha and a control where weeding was done manually by hand hoeing at 4 and 6 weeks after sowing. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) replicated three times. Data were collected on weed parameters, growth and yield parameters of soya bean. Based on the findings of this research, the results obtained showed that all the herbicide treatments significantly reduced weed infestation during the first four weeks after sowing but the crop experienced competition with weeds thereafter which varied according to the type and rate. Butachlor at the rate of 2.0 kg a.i./ha, S-Metolachlor at the rate of 1.9 kg a.i./ha, Pendimethalin at the rate of 1.0 kg a.i./ha produced best soya bean vegetative growth and together with hoe weeded plots, they produced the best soya bean grain yield compared to other treatments. Therefore, they could be introduced to farmers in the study area.
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